Bangkok Metro edit
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Bangkok Metro edit
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| Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Locale | Bangkok, Thailand | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transit type | Rapid transit | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Number of lines | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Number of stations | 18 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operation | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Began operation | 3 July 2004 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Owner | Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operator(s) | Bangkok Metro PCL | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| System length | 21 km (13.05 mi) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The Bangkok Metro, officially called the Mass Rapid Transit (MRT), is Bangkok's underground metro system. It was constructed under a concession concept. Mostly, all civil infrastructures were provided by government sector, Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand (MRTA) and handed over to their concessionaire under 25-year concession agreement. Bangkok Metro Company Limited (BMCL) is only one private sector that won a biding of MRTA's concession contract for blue line. As MRTA's concessionaire, BMCL provides M&E equipments, including electrical train, signalling system, SCADA, communication, PSD, etc, for the subway project and fully operates & maintains the system. The MRT line is officially known in Thai as rotfaifah mahanakhon (รถไฟฟ้ามหานคร) or "metropolitan electric train", but it is more commonly called rotfai taidin (รถไฟใต้ดิน), literally, "underground train". The metro has a fleet of 19 trains and the 19th train has already released to service since October, 2007 after a major accident.
Besides the MRT, Bangkok also has an elevated rail system called BTS or less officially the Skytrain.
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The construction of the first Bangkok Metro line, officially known as Chaloem Ratchamongkhon (Thai สายเฉลิมรัชมงคล) – "Celebration of Royal Auspice" – or informally as the "Blue Line", began on 19 November, 1996. The project suffered multiple delays not only because of the 1997 economic crisis, but also due to challenging civil engineering works of constructing massive underground structures deep in the water-logged soil upon which the city is built.
The Blue Line was opened for a limited public trial over several weeks starting April 13, 2004. On July 3, 2004 the line was officially opened at 19:19 local time by HM King Bhumibol and Queen Sirikit, who were accompanied by other members of the royal family. Within 30 minutes of its opening, sightseers filled the system to its maximum capacity, but after the initial rush ridership has settled down to around 180,000 riders daily — considerably lower than projections of over 400,000, despite fares being slashed in half from 12-38 baht to 10-15 baht per trip. As of 2006, fares range between 14-36 baht per trip. The fare will be raised to 16-41 Baht on 1 January 2009.
The 21-kilometer, 18-station Blue line presently runs from Bang Sue to Hua Lamphong via Phra Ram 9 and has a carrying capacity of 40,000 people in each direction per hour. Similar to the Skytrain, the Metro uses trains supplied by Siemens which travel up to 80 km/h. Passengers can conveniently connect to the Skytrain at Si Lom, Sukhumvit and Chatuchak Park stations. The metro has a large depot in Huai Khwang district, which is located between Phra Ram 9 and Thailand Cultural Centre stations. Considering that Bangkok is a low-lying plain which is prone to flooding, all of the Metro's station entrances are raised about one metre above the ground level and are equipped with built-in floodgates in order to avoid water inundating the system. Lifts and ramps are found at all stations, providing easy access for passengers in wheelchairs. Stations have multiple passage ways (generally four) which allow passengers to connect to any corner of the adjacent surface intersection. Maps depicting the local area and exit points are posted on the walls on the way out. Due to safety considerations, platform screen doors are installed. Uniformed security personnel and security cameras are present at each and every platform.
19 three-car metro trains are used, of the Siemens Modular Metro type. Each metro train consists of two motor cars and a centre trailer car.1
The ticketing system uses the RFID contactless technology with round black tokens issued for single trips and contactless stored value cards for frequent travellers. In the near future, a joint ticketing system will be set up so that passengers can use a single ticket on the Metro as well as on the Skytrain. Multi-storey park & ride facilities are provided at Lat Phrao and Thailand Cultural Centre. Motorists who park their cars at these premises will be issued with additional contactless smartcards and they need to have them electronically stamped at their destination station.
On January 17, 2005, just after 09:15, an empty train returning to the depot collided with a peak-hour train filled with passengers at the Thailand Cultural Centre station. 140 people were hurt, most of whom sustained only minor injuries, and the entire Metro network was shut down for two weeks.
After initial investigations, it was found that the empty train had run into problems before the accident, grinding to a halt on a curve leading to the depot. The driver applied its brake and was waiting to be towed to the maintenance centre close to Thailand Cultural Centre station.
A rescue train was attempting to connect to the stalled train when the driver was told to release the brake while coupling had not yet been successful. It was then that the empty train began to roll backwards at a speed of ten metres per second, before smashing into the other train, which was carrying passengers. Therefore, it was believed that the incident was caused by negligence but the doubt on the training to their operation staff is still under public question mark.2 This accident also resulted in two damaged trains but the heavy damaged areas were limited in only two leading cars and colliding speed was suspected at near 60 km/hrs due to an appearance of damaged area. However, one train, which was configured from the repair of the minor-damaged cars, was already fitted for operation at the end of 2006 and the remaining one was still under heavy repair until mid of 2007 and it was released to service in October, 2007. The cost resulting from the accident might be a much higher figure than BMCL quoted, and it was expected at least 400 million baht, which was totally insured by a local insurance company and the accident was recorded as the most severe damage ever in any metro system in Thailand.
The Metro resumed full operation on February 1, 2005, and passenger numbers soon rose back to pre-crash levels, partly due to a temporary promotional fare scheme which allowed passengers to travel any distance on the MRT for only ten baht (~0.25 USD).
| Code | Station Name | Transfer | coordinates |
| Blue Line | |||
| Mahai Sawan (Planned for southern extension) ? | |||
| Bang Sakae (Planned for southern extension) ? | |||
| Tha Phra (Planned) |  MRT Blue Line (interchange with southern part) |
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| Phanitchayakan Thon Buri (Charan Sanit Wong 13) (Planned) | |||
| Fai Chai (Planned) | BTS Silom Line |
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| Bang Khun Non (Planned) | for taxi/bus link to Taling Chan floating market | ||
| Boromarajajonani (Phra Pinklao) (Planned) |
for taxi/bus link to Southern Bus Terminal (Phuttha Monthon Sai 1) | ||
| Sirindhorn (Krung Thon Bridge) (Planned) |
MRT Orange Line |
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| Bang Phlat (Planned) | |||
| Bang O (Planned) | for Yanhee Hospital | ||
| Bang Pho (Planned) | |||
| Tao Pun (Planned) | MRT Purple Line |
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| 18 BAN |
Bang Sue | SRT Red Line SRT Light Red Line For Bang Sue Junction Railway Station and Phahon Yothin Railway Station |
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| 17 KAM |
Kamphaeng Phet | for Chatuchak Weekend Market and MOF Farmers' Market | |
| 16 CHA |
Chatuchak Park | BTS Sukhumvit Line: Mo Chit station with outdoor Park & Ride lot; for Chatuchak Park and taxi/bus link to Northern and Northeastern Bus Terminal (Morchit 2) |
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| 15 PHA |
Phahon Yothin | for Central Plaza Lat Phrao, Union Mall and St. John's University | |
| 14 LAT |
Lat Phrao | with Park & Ride facility and THAI's City Air Terminal with connections to Don Mueang International Airport (DMK) |
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| 13 RAT |
Ratchadaphisek | The droppign to hotels and business offices alogn Rtchadaphisek Ring Road | |
| 12 SUT |
Sutthisan | The dropping point to Sutthisarn area (AKA Poor man Patpong) | |
| 11 HUI |
Huai Khwang | For many massage and entertainment facilities, in Huai Khwang area | |
| 10 CUL |
Thailand Cultural Centre | future interchange with MRT Orange Line with Park & Ride facility, about a 20-minute walk to the performing-arts venue at Thailand Cultural Centre, Siam Niramit; for Jusco, Carrefour and Robinson department stores, as well as the Esplanade Cineplex |
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| 9 RAM |
Phra Ram 9 | for Fortune Town shopping center and IT mall at Phra Ram 9 Intersection | |
| 8 PET |
Phetchaburi | Suvarnabhumi Airport Link: Makkasan City Air Terminal SRT Pink Line |
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| 7 SUK |
Sukhumvit | BTS Sukhumvit Line: Asok station, nearby Siam Society and Sukhumvit shopping area |
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| 6 SIR |
Queen Sirikit National Convention Center | for the Stock Exchange of Thailand, QSNCC and Klong Toei Market area | |
| 5 KHO |
Khlong Toei | for Bon Kai - Klong Toei area | |
| 4 LUM |
Lumphini | for Suan Lum Night Bazaar and Lumphini Park (Suan Lumphini) and dropping point to Sathon road and Wireless road | |
| 3 SIL |
Si Lom | BTS Silom Line: Sala Daeng Station, for Lumphini Park, Chulalongkorn Hospital and Si Lom business area |
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| 2 SAM |
Sam Yan | for Chulalongkorn University, Jamjuree Square edutainment complex center and Snake Farm of the Thai Red Cross | |
| 1 HUA |
Hua Lamphong | for Hua Lamphong Railway Station, with trains in all directions. future SRT Red Line |
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| Wat Mangkon Kamalawat (Planned) | for Yaowarat (Bangkok Chinatown) | ||
| Wang Burapha (Planned) | MRT Purple Line for Wang Burapha and Phahurat shopping area |
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| Pak Khlong Talat (Sanam Chai) (Planned) |
for Pak Khlong Talat flower market, Memorial Bridge (Saphan Phut Night Market), Wat Pho and Museum of Siam Discovery Museum | ||
| Bangkok Yai (Itsaraphap) (Planned) |
for Wat Arun and Bangkok Yai Area | ||
| Tha Phra (Planned) | MRT Blue Line (interchage with northern part) |
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| Bang Phai (Planned) | |||
| Bang Wa (Planned) | BTS Silom Line |
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| Phetkasem 48 (Planned) | |||
| Phasi Charoen (Planned) | |||
| Bang Khae (Planned) | for Bang Khae Market area | ||
| Lak Song (Planned) | Terminal at Kanchanaphisek Road (Western Bangkok Ring Road) with park & ride facilities | ||
| Blue Line | |
| Info | |
|---|---|
| System | Bangkok Metro (MRT) |
| Status | 18 stations built and extension of 21 stations is planned. |
| Locale | Bangkok, Thailand |
| Termini | Hua Lamphong Bang Sue |
| No. of stations | 18 |
| Operation | |
| Character | Underground |
| Technical | |
| Line length | 21 km (13.05 mi) |
Various expansion plans of the Metro have been proposed, but as of 2008[update], construction work has not started on any. It is planned that, eventually, the combined route distance of the Metro alone will total 91 km with 3 Metro lines covering all of the major areas of Bangkok. The Blue line, once completely extended, will form a lariat-shaped loop that circles the city.
The initial expansion plan can be summarised as follows:
Other expansion plans for the metro include:
Note that these plans do not include the extension proposed for the Skytrain, SRT Lines and airport link which is under control of State Railway Thailand. BMCL itself do expect to be the operator for extension project and others line but the final decision is still depended on MRTA (government sector).
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