Malda edit
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Malda edit
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| ?English Bazar West Bengal • India |
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| Coordinates: | |
| Time zone | IST (UTC+5:30) |
| Area • Elevation |
• 17 m (56 ft) |
| District(s) | Malda |
| Population | 161,448 (2001[update]) |
| Codes • Pincode • Telephone |
• 73210x • +91-3512-2xxxxx |
| Website: malda.nic.in/ | |
Coordinates: English Bazar, better known as Malda, is a city and a municipality in Malda district in the state of West Bengal, India. It serves as the district headquarters.
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English Bazar is located at .1 It has an average elevation of 17 metres (56 feet). It is located on the Western bank of the river Mahananda. Usually the weather like much of Bengal is extremely humid and tropical.Temperatures can reach as high as 46 °C in the hot and dry months of May and June but can plummet to about 4 °C in the chilly nights of December and January.
As of 2001[update] India census,2 English Bazar had a population of 161,448. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. English Bazar has an average literacy rate of 75%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 78%, and female literacy is 71%. In English Bazar, 10% of the population is under 6 years of age.
English Bazar is situated in between the ancient historical cities of Gour and Pandua. The city, however, came up much later, around mid 18th century. It was once known as Engelzavad established by the British rulers. In 1813 a Joint Magistrate and Deputy Collector was appointed and in 1832 a treasury was opened.
The gateway of North Bengal, Malda, once the capital of Gour-Banga with its 3456 sq km lay of the land classified into Tal, Diara, and Barind awaits the advent of tourists and people of archeological interest with its wealth to be enjoyed and its huge potential to be explored.
This portion of the Earth is washed by the waves of the rivers Ganges, Mahananda, Fulahar, Kalindri and had been the witness of different empires raised, flourished and cast down near oblivion by a successor kingdom built up on the relics of its predecessor. Panini mentioned a city named Gourpura, which by strong reason may be identified as the city of Gouda, ruins of which are situated in this district. Examples are legion of the relic of a predecessor kingdom being used in the monuments of the successor kingdoms.
It had been within the limits of ancient ‘Gour’ and ‘Pandua’(Pundrabardhana). These two cities had been the capital of Bengal in ancient and medieval ages and are equidistant, north and south, from English Bazar town (once known as Engelzavad established by the British rulers).
The boundary of Gour was changed in different ages since 5th century BC and its name can be found in Puranic texts. Pundranagar was the provincial capital of Maurya Empire.
Gour and Pundrabardhana formed parts of the Mourya empire as is evinced from the inscriptions, Brahmilipi on a seal discovered from the ruins of Mahasthangarh in the Bogura District of Bangladesh. Hiuen Tsang saw many Asokan stupas at Pundrabardhana.
The inscriptions discovered in the district of undivided Dinajpur and other parts of North Bengal along with the Allahabad pillar inscriptions of Samudragupta clearly indicate that the whole of North Bengal as far east as Kamrup formed a part of the Gupta empire.
After the Guptas in the beginning of 7th century AD Sasanka, the king of Karnasubarna as well as the king of Gour ruled independently for more than three decades. From the middle of 8th century to the end of 11th century the Pala dynasty ruled Bengal, the kings were devoted to Buddhism. It was during their reign that the Jagadalla Vihara (monastery) in Barindri flourished paralleling with Nalanda, Vikramshila and Devikot.
The Pala Dynasty yielded to the emergence of Sen Dynasty, the Sen rulers were Hindus, and in the habit of moving from place to place within their kingdom. At the time of Lakshman Sen Goud was known as Lakshmanabati. The Sen kings ruled Bengal till Bakhtiyar Khilji conquered Bengal in 1204 AD.
Thereafter the Muslim rule lasted for about five hundred years before Sirajuddaulah was defeated by Lord Clive at the battle of Plassey in 1757 whence the British rule started. From ancient period different rulers with assorted origin, religion, and dynasty had left the imprints of their kingdom /dynasty on the earth in this district, most of them have failed to win over the tide of time as history has lifted one kingdom and later cast it down, sometimes into total oblivion. Those, which still stand on the earth in the form of ruins and relics, nevertheless reminds the past pomp and grandeur and are able to make the tourists and people of archeological interest sneak in.
This district was formed out of some portions of outlying areas of Purnia, Dinajpur and Rajshahi districts in 1813. At the time of Dr. B. Hamilton ( 1808 - 09 ) ,the presents thanas of Gazole, Malda, Bamongola, and part of Habibpur were included in the district of Dinajpur and the thanas of Harischandrapur, Kharba, Ratua, Manikchak, and Kaliachak were included in the district of Purnia. In 1813, in consequence of the prevalence of serious crimes in the Kaliachak and Sahebganj thanas and also on the rivers, a Joint Magistrate and Deputy Collector was appointed at Englishbazar with jurisdiction over a number of police station centering that place and taken from the two district. Thus the district of Malda was born. The year 1832 saw the establishment of separate treasury and the year 1859 the posting of a full - fledged Magistrate and collector.
Up to 1876, this district formed part of Rajshahi Division and between 1876 & 1905, it formed part of Bhagalpur Division. In 1905, it was again transferred to Rajshahi Division and till 1947 Malda remained in this division. In August, 1947, this district was affected by partition, between the 12th & 15th 0f August. 1947, the fate of the district as to which side it should go, to Pakistan or to India was undecided, because the announcement of the partition award of Sir Radcliffe did not make this point clear. During these few days the district was under a Magistrate of East Pakistan, when the details of the Radcliffe award were published, the district came over to West Bengal on the 17th of August. 1947.
The gateway of North Bengal, Malda, once the capital of Gour-Banga with its 3456 sq km lay of the land classified into Tal, Diara, and Barind awaits the advent of tourists and people of archeological interest with its wealth to be enjoyed and its huge potential to be explored.
This portion of the Earth is washed by the waves of the rivers Ganges, Mahananda, Fulahar, Kalindri and had been the witness of different empires raised, flourished and cast down near oblivion by a successor kingdom built up on the relics of its predecessor. Panini mentioned a city named Gourpura, which by strong reason may be identified as the city of Gouda, ruins of which are situated in this district. Examples are legion of the relic of a predecessor kingdom being used in the monuments of the successor kingdoms.
It had been within the limits of ancient ‘Gour’ and ‘Pandua’(Pundrabardhana). These two cities had been the capital of Bengal in ancient and medieval ages and are equidistant, north and south, from English Bazar town (once known as Engelzavad established by the British rulers).
Its also called as the "Mango Valley of India" due to large production of quality mangoes
English Bazar is well connected by both road and rail. It is the Divisional Headquarters of Eastern Railway's Malda Division. Almost all trains bound for North Bengal and the North Eastern States of India pass through Malda Town station (station code: MLDT). The city is located on National Highway 34 the North-South arterial road of West Bengalsome 347 km north of Kolkata and 256 km south of Siliguri.
Malda College is a renowned college under Gour Banga University. However, in 2007, the Government of West Bengal drafted a proposal to set up a University at Malda. Malda also has an Engineering college named IMPSCET, established in June 2003, with good infrastructure.
There are other good colleges at MAlDA 1. Women's college, Gaur College, Samshi College, Chanchol College, South Malda College,Sultanganj College and Pakua college. There is also also a polytechnic college named Malda Polytechnic college.
Malda consists of two assembly constituencies: Malda and English Bazar, both of which are part of Malda (Lok Sabha constituency).3
Current MLA from Malda assembly constituency (SC) is Shubhendu Chowdhury of CPI(M), who won the seat in State elections of 2006. Earlier, he had won this constituency in the elections of 2001, 1991, 1987 and in 1977. Phanibhushan Roy of INC had won this seat in 1996 and in 1982.4
Current MLA from English Bazar assembly constituency is Krishnendu Narayan Chowdhury of INC, who won the seat in State elections of 2006. Previous MLAs from this constituency include Samar Roy of CPI(M) who won in 2001, Goutam Chakravarty of INC in 1996, Prabhat Acharya of CPI(M) in 1991, Sailen Sarkar of CPI(M) who won this seat in 1987, 1982 and in 1977.5
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